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Departments & agencies

National Mediation Board

NMB Independent agenciesFor-cause removal
At a glance
Type
Independent agencies
Removal of leadership
Removable only for cause
Appointed by
Members appointed by the President, confirmed by the Senate
Structure
3-member commission · led by the Chairman
Term
3-year term · staggered · party-balanced
Funding
Annual appropriations
Independence
Independent
Statutory for-cause removal protection (45 U.S.C. 154: removable only for inefficiency, neglect of duty, malfeasance, or ineligibility) is of the same Humphrey's Executor type now contested before the Supreme Court in Trump v. Slaughter (argued Dec. 8, 2025); a ruling narrowing or overruling Humphrey's Executor could weaken these protections.
What it does

The National Mediation Board mediates contract disputes, conducts union representation elections, and arranges arbitration for workers and employers in the railroad and airline industries under the Railway Labor Act. Its goal is to keep these critical transportation networks running by helping the two sides reach agreements and avoid strikes or service disruptions.

LaborTransportation
How it fits
U.S. ConstitutionRailway Labor Act (as amended in 1934 to create the National Mediation Board) (1934)NMBRules & actions

Created by Congress under the Railway Labor Act (as amended in 1934 to create the National Mediation Board) (45 U.S.C. Sec. 154; Act of June 21, 1934, ch. 691, Sec. 4, 48 Stat. 1185, 1193 (amending the Railway Labor Act of 1926, ch. 347, 44 Stat. 577)), it acts within the authority that statute grants. Its actions are subject to judicial review and to congressional oversight and funding.

Recent actions

Notice of Proposed Information Collection RequestsOctober 1, 2026
National Mediation Board
Notice of Proposed Information Collection RequestSeptember 21, 2026
National Mediation Board
Notice of Proposed Information Collection RequestSeptember 21, 2026
National Mediation Board
Notice of Proposed Information Collection RequestSeptember 16, 2026
National Mediation Board
Performance Review Board AppointmentsDecember 28, 2023
National Mediation Board
Decertification of RepresentativesJuly 26, 2019
National Mediation Board
Supplemental Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the National Mediation BoardMay 29, 2019
National Mediation Board
Representation Procedures and Rulemaking AuthorityMarch 1, 2019
National Mediation Board
View all actions on the Federal Register