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Courts & rulings

United States District Court for the Northern District of California

Article III courtTrial courtAppointedN.D. Cal.· San Francisco· 14 judgeships

One of 4 federal trial courts in California; jurisdiction is split by county.

Appointed, President nominates, Senate confirms.

Appellate path
Northern District of CaliforniaNinth CircuitSupreme Court

Covers 15 counties in California.

Precedent & authority

Bound by its own circuit and the Supreme Court. Decisions of other district courts, even within the same circuit, are only persuasive.