Making laws
germaneness
The rule that an amendment must relate to the bill it amends. Strict in the House, largely absent in the Senate, which is why Senate bills collect unrelated riders.
In full
House rules bar non-germane amendments, so a highway bill stays about highways. The Senate imposes germaneness only in limited circumstances, such as after cloture or under budget rules, which is why the Senate is where unrelated policy gets attached to must-pass legislation. Fights over germaneness are usually fights over whether an issue gets a vote at all.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.