States, cities & tribes
lieutenant governor
The second-ranking state executive, first in line if the governor leaves office. In many states elected separately, so the two can be from different parties.
In full
Duties vary widely: in some states the office presides over the senate and casts tie-breaking votes, in others it is largely ceremonial, and a few states have no such office at all. Where the governor and lieutenant governor run separately rather than as a ticket, divided leadership within the executive branch is common.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.