Rights & liberties
time, place, and manner
Government may regulate when, where, and how speech happens, if the rule ignores content, serves a significant interest, and leaves other channels open.
In full
A city can require a permit for a parade, limit amplified sound at night, or keep a sidewalk passable, provided it does so without regard to the message. The test is content neutrality plus narrow tailoring plus ample alternative channels. A permit scheme that gives an official unbounded discretion fails, because discretion invites viewpoint discrimination.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.