Money & budgets
infrastructure
The physical systems public money builds and maintains: roads, bridges, transit, water, power, broadband. Mostly built by states with federal funds.
In full
Federal infrastructure money generally flows as formula and project grants to states and localities, which own and operate most of what gets built. That structure is why a federal bill's announced total is spent over many years, through thousands of separate state decisions, and why the gap between authorization and actual construction is so long.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.