The courts
per curiam
An unsigned opinion issued in the name of the whole court. Often short and used for straightforward cases, but sometimes for the most contested ones.
In full
Per curiam means 'by the court'. Historically it marked routine dispositions, but the label has also carried enormously consequential rulings, and much of the emergency docket is per curiam. An unsigned opinion tells the reader nothing about who wrote it or how the vote broke down, unless separate opinions reveal it.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.