The courts
presumption of innocence
The starting point of every criminal case: the defendant is treated as innocent, and the government must prove otherwise. Being charged is not evidence.
In full
The presumption is not merely a slogan; it assigns the burden and forbids the jury from drawing any inference from the charge, the arrest, or the defendant's silence. It coexists uneasily with pretrial detention and with the practical effects of a public indictment, which is part of why charging decisions carry so much weight.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.