Rights & liberties
Second Amendment
Protects an individual right to keep and bear arms, held incorporated against the states in 2010. Regulation is analyzed against historical tradition.
In full
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) recognized an individual right unconnected to militia service, and McDonald v. Chicago (2010) applied it to the states. New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen (2022) replaced means-end balancing with a test asking whether a modern regulation is consistent with the nation's historical tradition of firearm regulation.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.