The courts
jury trial
Trial by a panel of citizens rather than a judge alone. Guaranteed in serious criminal cases by the Sixth Amendment and in many civil cases by the Seventh.
In full
Federal criminal juries have twelve members and must be unanimous to convict, a requirement the Supreme Court extended to the states in Ramos v. Louisiana (2020). Civil juries are often six. Jurors are drawn from voter and driver records, screened in voir dire, and instructed on the law by the judge, whose instructions they must apply to the facts they find.
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A plain-language explanation for civic education, not legal advice. When in doubt, the official source named above controls.